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THC vs CBD:了解两种主要的大麻素
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THC vs CBD:了解两种主要的大麻素

7 min readUpdated: 2025年12月10日
Sarah Green

Sarah Green

Cannabis Educator

THC vs CBD:了解两种主要的大麻素

THC 和 CBD 是大麻中最著名的两种化合物,但它们在您的身体中的作用非常不同,并产生不同的效果。 了解差异有助于您选择与您的目标相匹配的产品,无论您是在寻求放松、缓解疼痛、减少焦虑还是只是对大麻感到好奇。

本指南解释了 THC 和 CBD 是什么,它们有何不同,它们的作用以及它们如何协同工作。 到最后,您将了解为什么有些产品是仅限 CBD 的,为什么其他产品是高 THC,以及如何找到适合您需求的平衡。

快速回答

THC(四氢大麻酚)是产生大麻“高”的精神活性化合物——欣快感、感知改变和心理影响。 CBD(大麻二酚)是非精神活性的,不会让你兴奋,而是提供潜在的好处,如减少焦虑、缓解疼痛和放松而不会受到损害。 它们通过您身体的不同途径工作,并且在一起使用时通常最有效。


什么是THC?

THC(四氢大麻酚) is the primary psychoactive cannabinoid in cannabis - the compound responsible for the "high."

THC 的工作原理

THC 直接与大脑和神经系统中的 CB1 受体结合,产生特征性的大麻效应。 这种直接绑定是 THC 在意识、感知和情绪中产生明显变化的原因。

四氢大麻烦

心理/心理:

  • 欣快和情绪高涨
  • 改变对时间的看法
  • 增强的感官体验
  • 创造力和哲学思维
  • 短期记忆障碍
  • 可能的焦虑或妄想症(依赖于剂量)

Physical:

  • 疼痛缓解
  • 肌肉松弛
  • 食欲增加(零食)
  • 红眼睛和干巴巴
  • 减少恶心

效力

现代大麻花通常含有 15-30% THC,一些菌株超过 30%。 浓缩物可为 60-90% THC。 较高的百分比意味着更强的效果 - 初学者应从较低的 THC 产品开始 (15-18%)。


什么是CBD?

CBD(大麻二酚) is the second most abundant cannabinoid in cannabis. Unlike THC, it's completely non-psychoactive - it will not make you high.

CBD的工作原理

CBD 与 CB1 或 CB2 受体没有强烈结合。 相反,它通过防止人体天然内源性大麻素的分解以及与血清素和其他受体相互作用而间接发挥作用。 这种间接作用产生治疗效果而不会受到损害。

中控作用

潜在好处:

  • 减少焦虑和压力
  • 疼痛和炎症缓解
  • 改善睡眠质量
  • 神经保护特性
  • 抗 - 癫痫发作(FDA批准的某些癫痫症)
  • 减少恶心

CBD 不做的事情:

  • 不会让你高涨或欣快
  • 不会损害您的判断或协调
  • 不会出现在标准药物测试中(如果纯CBD)
  • 不会显着增加食欲

中华民国药效

CBD 产品的范围从每剂 5mg 到 100mg+。 大麻衍生的 CBD(在美国联邦合法)的 THC 含量低于 0.3%。 大麻衍生的 CBD 可以含有不同的 THC 量,具体取决于源植物。


THC与CBD:直接比较

心理活动

THC: Highly psychoactive - alters consciousness, produces euphoria

CBD: Non-psychoactive - no mental impairment or high

THC: Illegal federally in US (legal in many states), controlled internationally

CBD: Hemp-derived CBD legal federally in US, marijuana-derived follows THC laws

医疗用途

THC: Pain, nausea, appetite stimulation, glaucoma, PTSD

CBD: Anxiety, epilepsy, inflammation, sleep disorders, pain

副作用

THC: Anxiety/paranoia (dose-dependent), impaired coordination, dry mouth, red eyes

CBD: Generally mild - possible drowsiness, dry mouth, diarrhea (high doses)

药物测试

THC: Will cause positive drug test

CBD: Pure CBD won't, but full-spectrum CBD products contain trace THC and may trigger tests


他们如何合作

随行人员的影响

THC 和 CBD 的效果比单独使用得更好——这被称为“随行人员效应”。 CBD 调节 THC 的作用,减少焦虑和偏执,同时保持治疗益处。

CBD对THC的影响:

  • 减少来自THC的焦虑和偏执
  • 延长效果持续时间
  • 可以减少短期记忆障碍
  • 可以降低THC的快速心率

这就是为什么许多用户更喜欢同时使用两种大麻素而不是纯 THC 分离物的产品。

THC:CBD比率

产品通常标有比率,表示平衡:

高THC(20:1, 10:1): Strong psychoactive effects, recreational use

平衡(1:1, 2:1): Moderate effects, medical benefits, reduced anxiety

高CBD(1:20, 1:10): Minimal high, therapeutic focus, anxiety relief

仅限CBD (0:1): No high, pure therapeutic use


在 THC 和 CBD 之间进行选择

如果您愿意,请选择 THC:

  • 娱乐享受和欣快感
  • 强烈的疼痛缓解
  • 食欲刺激
  • 助眠剂(镇静作用)
  • 创意增强

如果您愿意,请选择 CBD:

  • 无障碍的减少焦虑
  • 白天使用,同时保持功能性
  • 抗 - 炎症性好处
  • 更多司法管辖区的合法产品
  • 没有感觉“太高”的风险

如果您愿意,请选择平衡 THC:CBD:

  • 具有可控效果的医疗福利
  • 减少来自 THC 的焦虑
  • 两全其美
  • “随行效应”的好处


常见的误解

“CBD只是没有高的THC”

False - they're completely different molecules with different mechanisms and effects.

"More THC is always better"

False - higher THC can increase anxiety and isn't necessarily more therapeutic.

"CBD doesn't do anything since it doesn't get you high"

False - CBD has measurable effects, just not psychoactive ones.

"All cannabis has the same THC and CBD"

False - ratios vary enormously between strains and products.


Product Types

High-THC Products

  • Most cannabis flower (15-30% THC, <1% CBD)
  • Concentrates and dabs
  • THC edibles
  • Recreational vape cartridges

High-CBD Products

  • Hemp flower (CBD-rich, <0.3% THC)
  • CBD oil and tinctures
  • CBD gummies and edibles
  • CBD topicals

Balanced Products

  • Medical cannabis strains (often 1:1 or 2:1 ratios)
  • Full-spectrum CBD products
  • Balanced vape cartridges


Safety and Legality

  • Federally illegal in US (Schedule I)
  • Legal for recreational use in 24+ states
  • Legal for medical use in 38+ states
  • Internationally: varies widely by country

  • Hemp-derived CBD: federally legal in US (Farm Bill 2018)
  • Must contain <0.3% THC
  • Legal in most countries with exceptions
  • Marijuana-derived CBD: follows THC laws

Drug Testing

  • THC shows up on standard tests
  • Pure CBD shouldn't trigger tests
  • Full-spectrum CBD contains trace THC and may cause positive results
  • Tests can't distinguish between medical/recreational use


Medical Applications

Conditions Where THC May Help:

  • Chronic pain
  • Nausea and vomiting (chemotherapy)
  • Appetite loss (HIV/AIDS, cancer)
  • Insomnia
  • PTSD
  • Glaucoma

Conditions Where CBD May Help:

  • Anxiety disorders
  • Epilepsy (FDA-approved Epidiolex)
  • Inflammation
  • Arthritis pain
  • Sleep disorders
  • Inflammatory bowel disease

Note: Always consult healthcare providers for medical advice. This is educational information only.


Finding Your Balance

For First-Timers

Start with lower THC (15-18%) if seeking psychoactive effects, or CBD-only if wanting to avoid impairment. You can always increase THC later but can't undo overconsumption.

For Medical Use

Consider balanced ratios (1:1 or 2:1 CBD:THC) which provide therapeutic benefits with reduced psychoactivity. CBD-dominant products work for daytime use while maintaining functionality.

For Experienced Users

Experiment with different ratios to find what works best. Some prefer high-THC for evening relaxation, CBD-dominant for daytime, and balanced products for specific symptoms.


Summary

THC and CBD are both valuable cannabinoids with distinct properties. THC provides the characteristic cannabis high along with pain relief and appetite stimulation, while CBD offers therapeutic benefits without impairment. Most users find that products containing both (the entourage effect) provide the best overall experience and benefits.

Understanding THC and CBD helps you make informed choices about cannabis products, whether you're seeking medical benefits, recreational enjoyment, or exploring cannabis for the first time.


This guide is for educational purposes. Cannabis laws vary by jurisdiction. Consult healthcare providers for medical guidance.

Frequently Asked Questions

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is psychoactive and produces the 'high' feeling, while CBD (cannabidiol) is non-psychoactive and won't make you high. Both offer potential benefits but work differently in the body.

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